Food+and+Clothing

 Food The very first Southwest Native Americans hunted mammoths until they became extinct. Then the people began to hunt buffalo, also known as bison, as well as collect wild plants for food. They also learned to grow or corn, that was their most common grain, they ate it all the time ,which became domesticated in Mexico. Corn is the main food of daily life, and piki - paper thin bread made from corn and ash--is the main food at ceremonies. The Hopi Indians grew food similar to the Navajo Indians. They raised corn or maize as the basic food. The Hopi Indians based religious ceremonies on the corn they grew.They grew 24 different kinds of corn, but the blue and white was the most common.They also grew beans, squash, melons, pumpkins, and fruit.So basically they mainly ate corn. It the common thing growing on their land. Except for the piki bread, but that was only for ceremonies, but even at ceremonies they had corn. Any way, the Hopi tribe did not like spicy food at all, if a Hopi ate spicy food it was a curse from the god and said to be bad luck, they had very interesting food, such as blue corn mush, here is a recipe for Hopi ceremonial piki bread: **Hopi Piki Bread** //To make Piki Bread, you will need the following:// 1 cup green juniper Sunflower oil (For greasing the cooking stone.) 1 cup blue 1 cup boiling t0 3 cups t0 Mix ash with boiling water; strain juniper ash into pot. Stir. Add blue cornmeal. Stir with wooden spoon or stick. Let cool. Spread on hot, greased griddle or stone with palm of hand. Be certain the layer is very thin. Cook for a very short time. Carefully lift the paper-thin layer from griddle by rolling from one end to the other jelly-roll fashion. Makes 1 batch. I have talked to you a lot about what they ate already, now i think i should tell you the process and what they used to make and bake! In the early days they ate mostly corn, but then they learned how to make weapons, and they started hunting meat, they would make fires and put a stone on the fire, afterwards they would put the meat on the stone and it grillled. For cooking bread they stored the grease from the meat onto a other stone. Just like we use cooking spray! They used sticks to mix mixtures, and used clay and sorts to make plates to eat the food on.

What would the Hopi use to make their clothing? The Hopi Indians would grow yucca plants and cotton. They also would make clothes out of deer and rabbit fur, hide and buckskin lioncloths( flaps of material that covered the front and back and were suspended from the waist). What decorations would they use on their clothes? They would use feathers, pine needles and wool. The Hopis like wearing jewelry. They wear silver for necklaces, rings and bracelets. They also put turquoise stones in their jewelry. What would you wear? Your clothes would fit very loose. If you were a girl you would wear something like a big blanket and you would wrap it around you. It’s called a manta. If you were a boy you would wear a skirt, if you got cold you would wear loose pants. In the winter the girls would wear legging and mantas. If you were a boy you would get a blanket made out of rabbit furs woven together. You would wear moccasins or sandals. What is a lion cloth? Lion cloths are flaps of material that covered the front and back and were suspended from the waist. Some lion clothes were painted with tassels, which was falling rain. How would you wear your hair? Women would wear their hair in a fashion called the ‘squash blossom’. Young girls would wear their hair in a fashion called ‘butterfly whorl’. They would wear that hair style until they were married. Men would let their hair grow out long and wear a head band. For celebrations or traditions what would they wear? They would dress in feathers and paint or animal skin. They would also wear a feather head band. You would wear a manta, woven belt, white moccasins and a woven blanket. The Kachina chief would wear all white except for blue over one shoulder and red moccasins. Men would also dress up as Kachina's.

=Annotated Bibliography=

[|http://www.elmhurst.edu/~susanss/childlit2003/pluto/hopi.html] this website helped me find other websites but otherwise was not helpful

.[|http://www.nau.edu/~hcpo-p/] this website had no food information, i do not recommend it, it did have some arts though.

http://www.jonemerson.net/mirrors/www.cadwallader.ca.campusgrid.net/home/Classroom+Pages/Ms.+Sleeper/Native+Americans/Hopis/ This website was o.k. because some of the words were spelled wrong. Also this was good because there was information that I couldn't find at any other site. There was other info to on food and shelter and other stuff.

http://www.thatsmyhome.com/texmex/sides/indian-paper-bread.htm This sight has my recipe for piki bread, it is awesome, i think that other tribes would like it beacuse it might have some other native american recipes.